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They are named after the German philosopher and essayist Walter Benjamin (1892-1940) integrated in the thinking of the Frankfurt School. They were created in 1981 with a project by the architects Daniel Navas, Neus Solé and Imma Jansana as part of a plan to improve access to the Montjuïc mountain and contribute to the continuity of the greenery from Les Drassanes to its link with Les Jardins of the 1929 Exhibition.

History
They are located in a border area of ​​the urban plot: the sea front and the Montjuïc mountain, a place where maritime transport warehouses and coal storage had proliferated since the end of the 1800s.
Today, it follows the backbone of Neoclassical Barcelona in the perspective that, from the Ciutadella Park, brings us closer to Montjuïc mountain. The performance is part of the prolegomena of the stage "From the plan to the project" that Oriol Bohigas would define in his book "Reconstruction of Barcelona" where this space appears with the title of "Jardins de la Porta de Montjuïc" a name that the authors of these gardens give it in reference to the old gate of the wall and that even today, can be seen in the writing that accompanies some of the sandstone blocks of Montjuïc at the entrances to the garden.

Description
A promenade with a double row of "Plàtans" visually links the itinerary from the old Shipyards to the stairs of Miramar, built according to a project by Jean Claude Nicolas Forestier.
A first row of palm trees accompanies an interior garden that draws a succession of three spaces differentiated by the flowering of the trees, on a sinuous curvilinear background.
In this space, the authors incorporated two symbolic elements of the mountain's history: a fountain in the shape of a cup that had formed the central axis of the avenue of Maria Cristina designed by the landscape architect Forestier and the "Marinada" sculpture by Antoni Alsina which was part of the design of the International Exhibition of 1929 as an iconic element of the new gardens. At present this work is located in the place that it initially occupied in the space of the gardens of Paseo de Santa Madrona.
Both the treatment of the material elements and some of the pieces or bases are part of the "post-modern" current due to the decontextualized contribution of certain classic signs that characterized these years and that the authors of the project would also extend three years later to Can Sabaté Park in Barcelona. Some of the material elements such as the paving pieces of granite reconstruction pieces designed by the avenue of Josep Carner in this project were later used for some of the spaces of the Parc de la Villette in Paris.

Context
This space is part of the recovery of the port space that began in this area in 1981 and was followed five years later by the remodeling of the Moll de la Fusta, the work of the architect Manuel de Solà-Morales.
The construction works of the Ronda Litoral in 1991 entailed the incorporation of a technical infrastructure that modifies and shapes the space of the garden project and draws the current Plaça de les Drassanes. On this occasion, the architects Daniel Navas and Neus Solé are designing for this large square, a symbolic element of "Barcelona's approach to the sea" with the design of a succession of water platforms, which unite the city elevation with the subsoil of the round, occupying the entire central circle, from which emerges a sculptural piece of tubular steel. Starting from the lower base, it rose to a height of 63 meters. The complexity of the project along with the proximity of the 1992 Olympic Games introduces the pragmatic solution of modifying the central allegorical element of water by coal through the project of the architect Pedro Barragán. In fact, for some time this space was known as Plaça de la Carbonera. The large sculptural element would not "materialize" until 2002 with the work Ones by Andreu Alfaro, which regains the ascending dimension with seven large stainless steel arches that rise up to 40 meters, placing themselves on the axis of the circle that gives access to the maritime stations and the World Trade Center Barcelona designed by the New York architect Henry N. Cobb in 1988 and inaugurated in 1999.

Vegetation
We find in these gardens some species such as Acacia borda, Robinia (Robinia pseudoacacia), Oak (Quercus ilex), Jupiter Tree (Lagerstroemia indica), Love Tree, or Judas Tree (Cercis siliquastrum), Baladre (Nerium oleander) , Yellow-flowered Corysia (Ceiba chodatii), Ivy (Hedera helix), Date palm, Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), Canary palm (Phoenix canariensis), Parkinsonia, Parkinsonia (Parkinsonia aculeata), Pinyon pine, Pine pine (Pinus pinea), Pittosporum, common pittosporum (Pittosporum tobira), Red plum (Prunus cerasifera 'pissardii'), Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens).

More information in the Biodiversity Atlas of Barcelona